Effects of citalopram and a brief psycho-social intervention on alcohol intake, dependence and problems
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Citalopram (C) decreased alcohol intake and desire to drink in short-term (2-4 weeks) studies with no other treatment. We tested the long-term effects of C combined with a brief psycho-social intervention. After a 2-week baseline, mildly/moderately dependent alcoholics (35 males, 27 females) were randomized, double-blind to 12 weeks of C 40 mg/day (n = 31) or placebo (P) (n = 31) and a brief psycho-social intervention with follow-ups at 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment. Alcohol intake was monitored daily and alcohol dependence (ADS) and problems (MAST) were assessed at intake and post-treatment. During the first week, the decrease (%) from baseline daily alcoholic drinks (mean +/- SEM) was greater with C (47.9 +/- 5.1 from 6.5 +/- 0.6) than with P (26.1 +/- 4.2 from 5.8 +/- 0.4) (p < 0.01). However, the 12-week decreases with C (35.1%) and P (38.8%) were similar. There were gender differences within the C group. The males had higher MAST scores at intake (mean +/0 SEM = 10.4 +/- 0.8; n = 15) than the females (6.4 +/- 0.9, n = 16) (p < 0.01) and were slightly heavier drinkers during baseline (7.1 +/- 0.9 vs. 5.9 +/- 0.9 drinks/day, NS). The response to C was greater in males (44% decrease) than females (26%) (p < 0.05) and correlated with MAST scores (r = 0.44, p = 0.01), but not with baseline alcohol intake (r = 0.2, NS). Craving and liking for alcohol and alcohol dependence (ADS) and problems (MAST) decreased similarly with C and P (p < 0.01). Thus, the short-term effects of C were replicated but no long-term effect was detected. Tolerance to citalopram, perhaps through some adaptive neurobiological changes, may have developed. The potential therapeutic use of C as a useful pharmacological adjunct in alcoholics remains to be determined.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".