Joint observations of a traveling ionospheric disturbance with the Paratunka OMTI camera and the Hokkaido HF radar
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract. On 10 September 2007 between 10:00 and 14:00 UT, the OMTI all-sky imager at Paratunka (Kamchatka, Russia, GLAT~52°) observed the onset and south-western progression of a localized depletion region in the airglow intensity. The perturbation, while being stretched in the NW-SE direction, crossed the entire field of view of the camera. During the event, the Hokkaido SuperDARN HF radar was monitoring echoes in the Paratunka longitudinal sector. It was detecting a localized band of ground scatter echoes progressing equatorward synchronously with the motion of the optical perturbation. It is suggested that both features resulted from the onset and south-western progression of a localized region with enhanced electric field that influenced the distribution of the plasma density in the ionosphere. Modeling of the HF ground scatter dynamics based on numerical ray tracing demonstrated qualitative consistency with the observations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".