EVIDENCE OF HIERARCHICAL ORGANIZATION IN THE PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERAL EVOLUTIONARY RECORD
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Wavelet Transform was used to analyze the evo-lutionary record of planktic foraminifera to distinguish specific structure not previously resolvable. Both the spe-ciation and extinction wavelets are characterized by a major singularity at the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary, when there was a total breakdown in the in-terconnectedness of ecosystems related to sharply re-duced diversity following the Chicxulub impact event. The speciation wavelet is also characterized by an inter-val consisting of a hierarchical array of five orders of bifurcation, which are related to repeated iterative ra-diation of species from the Albian to Maastrichtian. These planktic foraminiferal extinction patterns were re-lated to quasi-periodic orogenic cycles of the Cretaceous that, in turn, produced episodic mantle CO2-degassing, oceanic volcanism and anoxia, and sea level fluctuta-tions. We hypothesize that the hierarchical structure ob-served is a reflection of this process in an otherwise sto-chastic system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".