Basin-scale distribution of authigenic clay minerals in the Late Maastrichtian-Early Paleocene fluvial strata of the Alberta foredeep: implications for burial depth
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The Late Maastrichtian to Early Paleocene fluvial strata of the Scollard, Coalspur, and Willow Creek formations in the Alberta foredeep contain complex and variably abundant authigenic clay mineral assemblages. The authigenic clay minerals in the Scollard sandstones consist mainly of kaolinite and smectite, whereas the Coalspur and the Willow Creek sandstones carry chlorite, chlorite-smectite, dickite, illite, and illite-smectite, with subordinate smectite and kaolinite. The diversity in the distribution of the authigenic clay minerals in the region is not random, but follows basin-scale trends that reflect the burial depth history of these strata. The general absence of dickite, coupled with limited conversion of smectite into illite in the Scollard sandstones, suggests crystallization at depth less than 1.5 km. In contrast, the occurrence of blocky dickite, fibrous illite and chlorite in the Coalspur and Willow Creek sandstones, coupled with albitized feldspars and quartz cement, suggests that sandstones underwent a maximum burial depth greater than 3 km.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".