Novel Glass Formation in the Ca–Si–Al–O–N–F System
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ca–Si–Al–O–N–F glass formation regions have been mapped on 6Ca 2+ –3Si 4+ –4Al 3+ ternary diagrams at fixed O:N:F of 79:20:1 and 75:20:5 (in eq%). For both fluorine contents, glass formation regions extend toward more Ca‐rich compositions at 1650°C compared with the Ca–Si–Al–O–N system at 1700°C. Ca–Si–Al–O–N–F melting temperatures are 150°–800°C lower than equivalent Ca–Si–Al–O compositions due to fluorine incorporation into the melt. Si‐rich compositions, with both 1 and 5 eq% F, form porous glasses due to loss of SiF 4 . Reaction mechanisms were studied by firing two compositions (0 or 5 eq% F) with identical cation ratios in the range of 900°–1650°C at 100°C intervals and following phase development using X‐ray diffraction. For Ca–Si–Al–O–N compositions, initial liquid formation occurs at >1200°C with complete dissolution of Si 3 N 4 at 1300°C. For Ca–Si–Al–O–N–F compositions, reactions occur at lower temperatures with Si 3 N 4 dissolution at 1200°C. At 20 eq% N, glasses with maximum fluorine content of ∼7 eq% were obtained. At 5 eq% F, the solubility limit for N is ∼25 eq%. At 1 eq% F, the maximum nitrogen content can be substantially increased to 40 eq% N. Incorporation of both nitrogen and fluorine in Ca–Si–Al–O glasses extends glass formation regions through combinations of lower melting temperatures (fluorine) and higher viscosities (nitrogen).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it