Psychometric Assessment of the Croatian Version of the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale–Short Form
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many mothers find it difficult to breastfeed exclusively for the recommended 6 months postpartum. The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (BSES-SF) was developed to measure breastfeeding self-efficacy, an important predictor of breastfeeding outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To translate and psychometrically assess the BSES-SF among women in Croatia. METHODS: A convenience sample of 190 breastfeeding mothers was recruited from a Baby-Friendly hospital in Zagreb, Croatia. In-hospital mothers completed questionnaires that included the translated BSES-SF, Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13), and a demographic questionnaire. The follow-up questionnaires were administered to mothers at 1 and 6 months postpartum to determine their infant feeding method. RESULTS: The mean total score of the Croatian version of the BSES-SF was 55 ± 7. The Cronbach α coefficient for internal consistency was 0.86, suggesting good reliability. In-hospital BSES-SF scores significantly predicted breastfeeding duration and exclusivity at 1 and 6 months postpartum, providing support for predictive validity. The BSES-SF scores were significantly correlated with the total SOC scores (r = 0.32, P < .001) and the SOC subscales of comprehensibility (r = 0.35, P < .001), manageability (r = 0.26, P < .001), and meaningfulness (r = 0.20, P = .005), providing support for construct validity. CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that the translated version of the BSES-SF may be a valid and reliable measure of breastfeeding self-efficacy among postpartum women in Croatia.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it