Physiologic specialization of<i>Puccinia triticina</i>, the causal agent of wheat leaf rust, in Canada in 2008
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Commercial fields and research plots of wheat across Canada were surveyed for leaf rust during 2008. Leaf samples infected with the causal fungus, Puccinia triticina, were used to generate 407 single pustule isolates, 13 from Alberta, 302 from Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 71 from Ontario, 10 from Quebec and 11 from Prince Edward Island. Single pustule isolates were tested for virulence to 16 lines of ‘Thatcher’ wheat with single leaf rust resistance genes. Forty-six virulence phenotypes were identified; the most common were TDBJ (23.6%), TDBG (23.1%) and MLDS (18.9%). The frequency of virulence to both Lr9 and Lr17 increased compared with 2007, whereas it decreased for Lr24 and Lr2a. The populations from eastern Canada were more diverse than those from western Canada and contained many unique virulence phenotypes, and virulence to gene Lr18, which was not found in western Canada. Fifty-five isolates, representing each of the virulence phenotypes, were tested on six and 12 additional differential wheat lines at the adult and seedling stages, respectively. On the adult plant differentials, no isolates were virulent to Lr22a or Lr34, whereas all isolates except two were virulent to Lr13, and virulence varied for Lr12, Lr35 and Lr37. On the additional seedling differentials, all isolates were avirulent to Lr19, Lr21, Lr29 and Lr32, and only one isolate was virulent to Lr25. All isolates had similar infection types to Lr2b and Lr2a, varied in virulence to Lr3bg, Lr14b, Lr20, Lr23 and Lr28, and except for two were virulent to Lr15.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".