Does sexual bimaturation affect the cost of growth and the operational sex ratio in an extremely size-dimorphic reptile?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sexual bimaturation, an intersexual difference in age at maturity, is a consequence of sexual size dimorphism (SSD). Sexual bimaturation arises through intersexual differences in growth trajectories. In theory, differences in growth trajectories should bias the operational sex ratio in favour of the early-maturing sex. In addition, in animals with sexual bimaturation, the late-maturing sex always maintains a lower intrinsic rate of growth (k) that may be linked to the metabolic cost of growth. We studied growth, its relation to the operational sex ratio, and its metabolic cost in the extremely size-dimorphic northern map turtle. We found that females take twice as long as males to reach maturity and that females maintain higher absolute rates of growth but have a lower k. The estimated operational sex ratio was even in our study population, and estimates of annual mortality were similar between adult males and females. Based on respirometry, we found no evidence that fast-growing females incur a metabolic cost compared to non-growing males.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".