Allometry and size structure of trees in two ancient snow forests in coastal British Columbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Shade-tolerant trees that start in the understory but ultimately reach the canopy persist through different microhabitat conditions during their ontogeny. We evaluate how the height to diameter ratio and the crown ratio (crown length/tree height) change during development and differ among four coniferous species ( Abies amabilis (Dougl. ex Loud.) Dougl. ex J. Forbes, Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach, Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carrière, and Tsuga heterophylla (Ref.) Sarg.) in ancient forests. At two sites, we measured diameter, height, and height to the base of live crown for trees ≥4.0 cm diameter at breast height in four 0.25 ha plots. For each species, we constructed models of height based on diameter and crown length using part of the data for model development and part as the test data set. Models predicting tree height were effective for all species, and adding crown length considerably improved the prediction over diameter alone. The height to diameter ratio increased until the subcanopy and then decreased for two shade-tolerant species (A. amabilis and T. heterophylla) but decreased linearly throughout ontogeny for C. nootkatensis. Crown ratio increased as trees became larger except for C. nootkatensis, where the reverse occurred. Differences in allometric relationship among species reflect patterns of crown development and also suggest different approaches to a common structural constraint in these forests: heavy snow loads.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".