The role of genetic relatedness among social mates in a cooperative breeder
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Breeding with relatives can have severe fitness consequences, so avoiding these costs is often evolutionarily favored. There are a number of mechanisms that reduce the likelihood of mating with relatives, including avoiding relatives as mates (through sex-biased dispersal and mate choice) and delayed sexual maturity in the presence of relatives. Here, we examine these mechanisms in Neolamprologus pulcher, a group-living cichlid fish that exhibits male-biased dispersal. Despite sex-biased dispersal in this species, mean relatedness between social mates was not different from that expected if pairs had formed randomly, suggesting individuals neither actively avoid nor prefer pairing with relatives. Furthermore, gonadal investment of subordinates living in social groups was not correlated with their relatedness to the opposite-sex dominant breeder in the group, suggesting that sexual maturation does not depend on the presence or absence of a relative. Highly related social pairs showed higher rates of within-pair aggression and lower rates of nonaggressive social affiliation than less-related social pairs. Breeder investment and indicators of female breeder and group quality were not correlated with relatedness values between social mates. However, scraping rates (a potential quality indicator) were lower in males paired with more closely related females. We consider whether the apparent lack of inbreeding avoidance reflects an evolutionary history of limited breeding opportunities in N. pulcher or a facultative strategy of more-fit individuals and discuss the behavioral results in light of the suggested nonassortative mating with regard to relatedness.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".