Genetic Variation at a Metallothionein<i>2A</i>Promoter Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism in White and Black Females in Midwestern United States
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Genetic variation leading to differences in expression and regulation of metallothionein proteins may contribute to observed differences among individuals in terms of cadmium (Cd) uptake and metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of the A and G alleles at rs28366003, which lies in the 5' promoter region of MT2A, in White and Black females in the Midwestern United States. One-milliliter saliva samples were collected from 298 White or Black adult female volunteers, and DNA was isolated from each sample using Oragene*DNA kits. Allele-specific PCR with gel visualization of amplification products was used to genotype SNP rs28366003. Of the 291 participants (Black = 142; White = 149), the average yield of DNA extracted from the saliva samples was 23.4 microg. The samples, quantitated on a spectrophotometer, achieved an average 260/280 optical density reading of 1.61. The frequency of the G allele was 1.1% for Blacks and 6.4% for Whites. Data demonstrated that the G allele is not common in both the Midwestern U.S. Black and White female population and is less frequent than that reported for an Asian population.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".