Pulsar Birthrates from the Parkes Multibeam Survey
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigate the pulsar birthrate from a sample of 815 nonrecycled pulsars detected by the Parkes multibeam survey, accounting as accurately as possible for all known selection effects. We find that pulsars with magnetic fields greater than 2.5 × 10 12 G account for more than half of the total birthrate in spite of comprising only about 5%-10% of the total Galactic population. While we do not find evidence for a significant population of pulsars "injected" into the population with spin periods of ~0.5 s, we do find that many, perhaps 40%, are born with periods in the range 0.1-0.5 s. The absolute number and birthrate of Galactic pulsars is strongly dependent on the assumed models for pulsar beaming and Galactic electron distribution. Adopting the most recent models, we find the total pulsar birthrate to be between 0.9 and 1.9 pulsars per century for 1400 MHz luminosities greater than 1 mJy kpc 2 , and the total Galactic population of active radio pulsars above this luminosity limit to be between 70,000 and 120,000.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".