Impaired Preference Conditioning after Anterior Temporal Lobe Resection in Humans
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research with animals suggests that structures within the amygdaloid nuclear complex (ANC) are critical for acquiring associations between rewarding events and neutral stimuli, a form of conditioning often manifested in a subsequent preference for those (conditioned) stimuli. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the ANC and preference learning in humans. Three abstract monochrome patterns were presented to each subject over 180 trials in the context of a counting task requiring working memory. One pattern was paired with food reward on 90% of the trials in which it was presented and with no food reward on the other 10% of trials. The other patterns were similarly reinforced, but at ratios of 50:50% and 10:90% with reward and nonreward, respectively. Subsequently, a group of 21 normal participants preferred the pattern paired most often with reward to that paired least often with reward, and they did not explicitly relate their preferences to the conditioning procedure, but instead attributed them to the characteristics of the patterns themselves. Unlike the normal controls, a group of patients with unilateral surgical lesions that included the ANC (15 left, 18 right) did not show conditioned preferences, but performed normally on a measure of working memory. In contrast, 13 patients with unilateral damage confined to frontal cortex exhibited normal conditioned preferences but were impaired on the working memory task. This double dissociation provides clear evidence that, in humans as in other animals, reward-related learning (conditioned reward) critically depends on a circuit involving inferotemporal cortex and the ANC.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".