Precautions in the use of 110mAg as a tracer of silver metabolism in ecotoxicology: Preferential bioconcentration of 109Cd by trout gills after 110mAg exposure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An often overlooked problem in the use of radiotracers is the possibility of isotopic contamination. Commercially available silver 110mAg was used to study silver uptake and depuration in rainbow trout and European eel. Quality control by means of comparative gamma and beta counting brought our attention to a contamination of the 110mAg stock with 109Cd, which could be seen only because the 109Cd was markedly bioconcentrated by trout gills. The contamination could not be detected in eel gills or in other tissues of both species. The difference between trout and eel gill structure and function is the probable explanation for the marked difference in 109Cd accumulation. This contamination was identified as 109Cd by gamma spectroscopy and its origin by transmutation of natural silver as a result of neutron activation is described. Failure to recognize this contamination problem would have resulted in serious misinterpretation of the data set. Guidance for avoiding this problem is given.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.013 | 0.014 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".