Dutasteride for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is an age-related phenomenon associated with prostatic enlargement and bladder outlet obstruction that can cause significant lower urinary tract symptoms that greatly affect quality of life. Dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of type 1 and type 2 isoforms of 5-α-reductase, an enzyme responsible for the conversion of testosterone to 5-α-dihydrotestosterone, approved as a treatment for symptomatic BPH. AREAS COVERED: This article will cover the efficacy and safety of dutasteride in the treatment of BPH, with focus on landmark trials conducted on this drug. Medical literature on the use of dutasteride in men with BPH were identified by searching databases since 1996 (including MEDLINE and EMBASE) as well as bibliographies from published literature, clinical trial registries and manufacturer and federal drug regulatory websites. EXPERT OPINION: Dutasteride is an effective, safe and well-tolerated treatment either as monotherapy or in combination with an α-blocker, for the management of symptomatic BPH to improve symptoms, reduce the risk of acute urinary retention and risk for BPH-related surgery. A new prostate-specific antigen baseline should be established after 6 months of therapy for clinical decision making. The relationship between dutasteride and high-grade prostate cancer is not clear, and dutasteride is not approved for prostate cancer chemoprevention.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".