A new WiMAX sigma-delta modulator with constant-Q active inductors
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a new over-sampling sigma delta modulator for WiMAX applications using an active inductor based loop filter and CCO. The loop filter is composed of floating active inductors and offers several key advantages over its MIM capacitor loop filter counterpart including an adjustable bandwidth, an adjustable quality factor, an extremely small silicon area requirement and full compatibility with digitally oriented CMOS processes. The proposed modulator is implemented in UMC's 0.13 mum 1.3 CMOS process. The sigma delta modulator comparator and sampler are driven from a new constant-Q active inductor CCO that provides phase noise below 118 dBc/Hz at 4 GHz operation. The sigma delta modulator exhibits a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 42 dB and a dynamic range (DR) of 63 dB at a sample rate of 2 G/s with an oversampling ratio (OSR) of 40 making it ideal for base-band sampling in WiMAX transceivers.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".