A NUMERICAL METHOD FOR THREE-DIMENSIONAL PARABOLIC FLOW AND HEAT TRANSFER IN STRAIGHT DUCTS OF IRREGULAR CROSS SECTION
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the proposed method, a step-by-step marching procedure in the axial direction is used to solve the problems of interest from the inlet to the exit planes of the ducts. In each step or slice, the following formulation is used: the slice is first discretized into six-node prism-shaped elements of triangular cross section, and then each set of corresponding upstream and downstream nodes are associated with prism-shaped control volumes of polygonal cross section. The dependent variables are stored at the same nodes (colocated) and interpolated using equal-order element-based functions. Algebraic approximations to integral mass, momentum, and energy conservation equations for each of the prism-shaped control volumes are then derived using the aforementioned interpolation functions, and the resulting discretized equations are solved using an adaptation of a sequential iterative variable adjustment scheme. This formulation provides the following novel capabilities compared to those of earlier numerical methods for the solution of three-dimensional parabolic problems: it is applicable to ducts of irregular- and regular-shaped cross section; and for any axial step size, the solution is independent of the sequence in which the dependent variables are solved. A novel automatic axial step-size selection procedure is also proposed for problems in which the dependent variables vary monotonically in the axial direction. The validity of the proposed method is established by applying it to developing laminar forced convection in a straight duct of square cross section and comparing the results to those available in the literature.
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Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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