The social ecology of maternal infant care in socially and economically marginalized community in southern Israel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study aims to better understand the social ecology of infant care (IC) as experienced and perceived by mothers living in a deprived Arab Bedouin community in Israel, where children's health indicators are poor. We used the integrative model of García Coll et al. (García Coll C, Lamberty G, Jenkins R et al. An integrative model for the study of developmental competencies in minority children. Child Dev 1996; 67: 1891-914) and constructs of the Health Beliefs Model as a study framework for conducting focus groups with 106 mothers in 2007. Results show that mothers believe IC and infant well-being are high priorities. However, distal barriers, including land disputes, a transition from herding to low-paid labor and lifestyle changes have interacted with proximal barriers in Bedouin families, including poor living conditions, poverty and weakened familial relations to inhibit adequate IC practices. Specifically, distal and proximal barriers affect IC directly (e.g. lack of nearby clinics) or indirectly (mothers' self-efficacies) to limit mothers' choices and control over IC, thereby posing threats to infant health. Our findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the complexity of social context in shaping IC among marginalized minority mothers and suggest new ground for addressing proximal and distal barriers through policy interventions. Without contending with both, interventions to strengthen mothers' self-efficacy will have limited success in improving the environment of IC and, consequently, infant health.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".