Electronic structure of TiO2 nanotube arrays from X-ray absorption near edge structure studies
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report an X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) investigation of several TiO2nanotube arrays, including the as-prepared nanotube arrays from electrochemical anodic oxidation of Ti foil (as-prepared ATNTA), as-prepared nanotube arrays after annealing at 580 °C (annealed ATNTA) and annealed ATNTA after electrochemical intercalation with Li (Li-intercalated ATNTA). XANES at the O K-edge and Ti L3,2 and K edges shows distinctly different spectral features for the as-prepared and the annealed ATNTA, characteristic of amorphous and anatase structures, respectively. Intercalation of Li into annealed ATNTA induces a surprising, yet spectroscopically unmistakable, anatase to rutile transition. XANES at the Li K-edge clearly shows ionic features of Li in ATNTA. The charge relocation from Ti 3d to O 2p at the conduction band in TiO2 was also observed when Li ions were intercalated into annealed ATNTA albeit no noticeable reduction of Ti4+ to Ti 3+ was observed. The O K-edge shows a distinctly enhanced feature in the multiple scattering regime, indicating a close to linear O–Li–O arrangement in Li-intercalated ATNTA. These results show bonding changes between Ti and O resulting from the interaction of Li ions in the TiO2 lattices. Such bonding variation has also been supported by X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL), which suggests Li+-defect interactions. The implications of these results are discussed.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it