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Observation of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>s</mml:mi></mml:math>-Channel Production of Single Top Quarks at the Tevatron
T. Aaltonen, V. M. Abazov, B. Abbott, B. S. Acharya, M. Adams, T. Adams, J. P. Agnew, G. D. Alexeev, G. Alkhazov, S. Amerio, D. Amidei, A. Anastassov, A. Annovi, J. Antoš, G. Apollinari, J. A. Appel, T. Arisawa, A. Artikov, J. Asaadi, W. Ashmanskas, A. Askew, S. Atkins, B. Auerbach, K. Augsten, A. Aurisano, C. Ávila, F. Azfar, F. Badaud, W. Badgett, T. Bae, L. Bagby, B. Baldin, D. V. Bandurin, S. Banerjee, A. Barbaro-Galtieri, E. Barberis, P. Baringer, V. E. Barnes, B. A. Barnett, P. Barria, J. F. Bartlett, P. Bartos, U. Bassler, M. Bauce, V. Bazterra, A. Bean, F. Bedeschi, M. Begalli, S. Behari, L. Bellantoni, G. Bellettini, J. Bellinger, D. Benjamin, A. Beretvas, S. B. Beri, G. Bernardi, R. Bernhard, I. A. Bertram, M. Besançon, R. Beuselinck, P. C. Bhat, S. Bhatia, V. Bhatnagar, A. Bhatti, K. R. Bland, G. Blazey, S. Blessing, K. Bloom, B. Blumenfeld, A. Bocci, A. Bodek, A. Boehnlein, D. Boline, É. É. Boos, G. Borissov, D. Bortoletto, M. Borysova, J. Boudreau, A. Boveia, A. Brandt, O. Brandt, L. Brigliadori, R. Brock, C. Bromberg, A. Bross, D. Brown, E. Brücken, X. B. Bu, J. Budagov, H. S. Budd, M. Buehler, V. Buescher, V. Bunichev, S. Burdin, K. Burkett, G. Busetto, P. Bussey, C. P. Buszello, P. Butti, A. Buzatu, A. Calamba, E. Camacho-Pérez, S. Camarda, M. Campanelli, F. Canelli, B. Carls, D. Carlsmith, R. Carosi, S. Carrillo, B. Casal, M. Casarsa, H. Castilla-Valdez, A. Castro, P. Catastini, S. Caughron, D. Cauz, V. Cavaliere, F. Šforza, A. Cerri, S. Chakrabarti, K. M. Chan, A. Chandra, É. Chapon, G. Chen, Y. C. Chen, M. Chertok, G. Chiarelli, G. Chlachidze, K. Cho, S. W. Cho, S. Choi, D. Chokheli, B. C. Choudhary, S. Cihangir, D. R. Claes, A. Clark, C. Clarke, J. Clutter, M. E. Convery, J. Conway, M. Cooke, W. E. Cooper, M. Corbo, M. Corcoran, M. Cordelli, F. Couderc, M.-C. Cousinou, C. A. Cox, D. J. Cox, M. Cremonesi, D. Cruz, J. Cuevas, R. Culbertson, D. Cutts, A. Das, N. d’Ascenzo, M. Datta, G. Davies, P. de Barbaro, S. J. de Jong, E. De La Cruz–Burelo, F. Déliot, R. Demina, L. Demortier, M. Deninno, D. Denisov, S. P. Denisov, M. d’Errico, S. Desai, C. Deterre, K. DeVaughan, F. Devoto, A. Di Canto, B. Di Ruzza, H. T. Diehl, M. Diesburg, P. F. Ding, J. Dittmann, A. Dominguez, S. Donati, M. D’Onofrio, M. Dorigo, A. Driutti, A. Dubey, L. Dudko, A. Duperrin, S. Dutt, M. Eads, K. Ebina, R. C. Edgar, D. Edmunds, A. Elagin, J. Ellison, V. D. Elvira, Y. Enari, R. Erbacher, S. Errede, B. Esham, H. Evans, V. N. Evdokimov, S. M. Farrington, L. Feng, T. Ferbel, J. P. Fernández Ramos, F. Fiedler, R. D. Field, F. Filthaut, W. C. Fisher, H. E. Fisk, G. Flanagan, R. Forrest, M. Fortner, H. Fox, M. Franklin, J. C. Freeman, H. Frisch, S. Fuess, Y. Funakoshi, C. Galloni, P.H. Garbincius, A. Garcia-Bellido, J. A. García-González, A. F. Garfinkel, P. Garosi, V. Gavrilov, W. Geng, C. E. Gerber, H. Gerberich, E. Gerchtein, Y. Gershtein, S. Giagu, V. Giakoumopoulou, K. Gibson, C. M. Ginsburg, G. Ginther, N. Giokaris, P. Giromini, G. Giurgiu, V. Glagolev, D. Glenzinskí, M. Gold, D. Goldin, A. Golossanov, G. Golovanov, G. Gómez, G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, O. González López, I. Gorelov, A. T. Goshaw, K. Goulianos, E. Gramellini, P. D. Grannis, S. Greder, H. Greenlee, G. Grenier, S. Grinstein, Ph. Gris, J.-F. Grivaz, A. Grohsjean, C. Grosso-Pilcher, S. Grünendahl, M. Grünewald, T. Guillemin, J. Guimarães da Costa, G. Gutiérrez, P. Gutierrez, S. R. Hahn, J. Haley, J. Y. Han, L. Han, F. Happacher, K. Hara, K. Harder, M. Hare, A. Harel, R. Harr, T. Harrington-Taber, K. Hatakeyama, J. M. Hauptman, C. P. Hays, J. Hays, T. Head, T. Hebbeker, D. Hedin, H. Hegab, J. J. Heinrich, A. P. Heinson, U. Heintz, C. Hensel, I. Heredia-De La Cruz, M. Herndon, K. Herner, G. Hesketh, M. D. Hildreth, R. Hirosky, T. Hoang, J. D. Hobbs, A. Höcker, B. Hoeneisen, J. M. Hogan, M. Hohlfeld, J. L. Holzbauer, Z. Hong, W. H. Hopkins, S. Hou, I. Howley, Z. Hubáček, R. E. Hughes, U. Husemann, M. Hussein, J. Huston, V. Hynek, I. Iashvili, Y. Ilchenko, R. Illingworth, G. Introzzi, M. Iori, A. S. Ito, A. Ivanov, S. Jabeen, M. Jaffré, E. James, D. Jang, A. Jayasinghe, B. Jayatilaka, E. J. Jeon, M. S. Jeong, R. Jesik, P. Jiang, S. Jindariani, K. A. Johns, E. Johnson, M. Johnson, A. Jonckheere, M. Jones, P. Jonsson, K. K. Joo, J. Joshi, S. Y. Jun, A. W. Jung, T. R. Junk, E. Kajfasz, M. Kambeitz, T. Kamon, P. E. Karchin, D. Karmanov, A. Kasmi, Y. Kato, I. Katsanos, R. Kehoe, S. Kermiche, W. Ketchum, J. Keung, N. Khalatyan, A. Khanov, A. Kharchilava, Y. N. Kharzheev, B. Kilminster, D. H. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. E. Kim, M. J. Kim, S. H. Kim, S. B. Kim, Y. J. Kim, Y. K. Kim, N. Kimura, M. Kirby, I. Kiselevich, K. Knoepfel, J. M. Kohli, K. Kondo, D. J. Kong, J. Konigsberg, A. Kotwal, A. V. Kozelov, J. Kraus, M. Kreps, J. Kroll, M. Kruse, T. Kuhr, Arun Kumar, A. Kupčo, M. Kurata, T. Kurča, V. A. Kuzmin, A. T. Laasanen, S. Lammel, S. Lammers, M. Lancaster, K. Lannon, G. Latino, P. Lebrun, H. S. Lee, S. W. Lee, W. M. Lee, X. Lei, J. Lellouch, S. Leo, S. Leone, J. D. Lewis, D. Li, H. Li, L. Li, Q. Li, J. K. Lim, A. Limosani, D. Lincoln, J. Linnemann, V. V. Lipaev, E. Lipeles, R. Lipton, A. Lister, H. Liu, Q. Liu, T. Liu, Y. Liu, A. Lobodenko, S. Lockwitz, A. Loginov, M. Lokajı́ček, R. Coelho Lopes De, D. Lucchesi, A. Lucà, J. Lueck, P. Lujan, P. Lukens, R. Luna-García, G. Lungu, A. L. Lyon, J. Lys, R. Lysák, A. K. A. Maciel, R. Madar, R. Madrak, P. Maestro, R. Magaña-Villalba, S. Malik, V. L. Malyshev, G. Manca, A. Manousakis-Katsikakis, J. D. Mansour, L. Marchese, F. Margaroli, P. Marino, J. Martínez-Ortega, M. Martı́nez, K. Matera, M. E. Mattson, A. Mazzacane, P. Mazzanti, R. McCarthy, C. L. McGivern, R. McNulty, A. Mehta, P. Mehtala, M. M. Meijer, A. Melnitchouk, D. Menezes, P. G. Mercadante, M. Merkin, C. Mesropian, A. Meyer, J. Meyer, T. Miao, F. Miconi, D. Mietlicki, H. Miyake, S. Moêd, N. Moggi, N. K. Mondal, C. S. Moon, R. W. Moore, M. J. Morello, A. Mukherjee, M. Mulhearn, Th. Müller, P. Murat, M. Mussini, J. Nachtman, Y. Nagai, J. Naganoma, I. Nakano, A. Napier, M. Narain, R. Nayyar, H. A. Neal, J. P. Negret, J. Nett, C. Neu, P. Neustroev, H. Nguyen, T. Nigmanov, L. Nodulman, S. Y. Noh, O. Norniella, T. Nunnemann, L. Oakes, S. H. Oh, Y. D. Oh, I. Oksuzian, T. Okusawa, R. Orava, J. Orduna, L. Ortolan, N. Osman, J. Osta, C. Pagliarone, A. Pal, P. Palni, V. Papadimitriou, N. Parashar, V. Parihar, S. K. Park, W. Parker, R. B. Partridge, N. Parua, A. Patwa, G. Pauletta, M. Paulini, C. Paus, B. Penning, M. Perfilov, Y. Peters, K. Petridis, G. Petrillo, P. Pétroff, T. J. Phillips, G. Piacentino, E. Pianori, J. Pilot, K. Pitts, C. Plager, M.-A. Pleier, V. M. Podstavkov, L. Pondrom, А. В. Попов, S. Poprocki, K. Potamianos, A. Pranko, M. Prewitt, D. Price, N. Prokopenko, F. Prokoshin, F. Ptohos, G. Punzi, J. Qian, A. Quadt, B. Quinn, N. Ranjan, P. N. Ratoff, I. Razumov, P. Renton, M. Rescigno, F. Rimondi, I. Ripp-Baudot, L. Ristori, F. Rizatdinova, A. Robson, T. Rodriguez, S. Rolli, M. Rominsky, M. Ronzani, R. Roser, J. L. Rosner, A. Ross, C. Royon, P. Rubinov, R. Ruchti, F. Ruffini, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, J. Russ, V. Rusu, G. Sajot, W. K. Sakumoto, Y. Sakurai, A. Sánchez-Hernández, M. P. Sanders, L. Santi, A. S. Santos, K. Satô, G. Savage, V. Saveliev, A. Savoy-Navarro, L. Sawyer, T. Scanlon, R. D. Schamberger, Y. Scheglov, H. Schellman, P. Schlabach, E. E. Schmidt, C. Schwanenberger, Thomas Schwarz, R. Schwienhorst, L. Scodellaro, F. Scuri, S. Seidel, Y. Seiya, J. Sekaric, A. Semenov, H. Severini, E. Shabalina, S. Z. Shalhout, V. Shary, S. Shaw, A. A. Shchukin, T. Shears, P. F. Shepard, M. Shimojima, M. J. Shochet, V. Simak, А. Симоненко, P. Skubic, P. Slattery, K. Śliwa, D. Smirnov, J. R. Smith, F. D. Snider, G. R. Snow, J. Snow, S. Söldner‐Rembold, H. Song, L. Sonnenschein, V. Sorı́n, K. Soustružnı́k, R. St. Denis, M. Stancari, J. Stark, D. Stentz, D. A. Stoyanova, M. Strauss, J. Strologas, Y. Sudo, A. Sukhanov, I. Suslov, L. Suter, P. Svoisky, K. Takemasa, Y. Takeuchi, J. Tang, M. Tecchio, P. K. Teng, J. Thom, E. Thomson, V. Thukral, M. Titov, D. Toback, S. Tokár, V. V. Tokmenin, K. Tollefson, T. Tomura, D. Tonelli, S. Torre, D. Torretta, P. Totaro, M. Trovato, Y.-T. Tsai, D. Tsybychev, B. Tuchming, C. Tully, F. Ukegawa, S. Uozumi, S. Uvarov, S. Uzunyan, R. Van Kooten, W. M. van Leeuwen, N. Varelas, E. W. Varnes, I. A. Vasilyev, F. Vázquez, G. Velev, C. Vellidis, A. Y. Verkheev, C. Vernieri, L. S. Vertogradov, M. Verzocchi, M. Vesterinen, D. Vilanova, J. Vizán, M. Vogel, P. Vokac, M. Volpi, P. Wagner, H. D. Wahl, R. Wallny, M. Wang, S. M. Wang, J. Warchol, D. Waters, G. Watts, M. Wayne, J. Weichert, L. Welty-Rieger, W. C. Wester, D. Whiteson, A. B. Wicklund, S. Wilbur, H. H. Williams, M. Williams, G. Wilson, J. Wilson, P. Wilson, B. L. Winer, P. Wittich, M. Wobisch, S. Wolbers, H. Wolfe, D. Wood, T. Wright, X. Wu, Z. Wu, T. R. Wyatt, Y. Xie, R. Yamada, K. Yamamoto, D. Yamato, S. Yang, T. Yang, U. K. Yang, Yi-Lin Yang, W-M. Yao, T. Yasuda, Y. A. Yatsunenko, W. Ye, Z. Ye, G. P. Yeh, K. Yi, H. Yin, K. Yip, J. Yoh, K. Yorita, T. Yoshida, S. W. Youn, G. B. Yu, I. Yu, J. M. Yu, A. Zanetti, Y. Zeng, J. Zennamo, T. G. Zhao, B. Zhou, C. Zhou, J. Zhu, M. Zielinski, D. Zieminska, L. Živković, S. Zucchelli
Bibliographic record
VenuePhysical Review Letters · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicParticle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesScience and Technology Facilities CouncilFundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESPNational Research Center "Kurchatov Institute"Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueU.S. Department of EnergyVetenskapsrådetConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungAcademy of FinlandRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchFundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroDepartment of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, IndiaGrantová Agentura České RepublikyMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and TechnologyDepartamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (COLCIENCIAS)Deutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaNational Science CouncilAlfred P. Sloan FoundationFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloSchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungFermilabScience Foundation IrelandNational Science Foundation
KeywordsTevatronPhysicsQuarkParticle physicsProduction (economics)Nuclear physicsEnergy (signal processing)Channel (broadcasting)Top quarkAntiprotonProtonLarge Hadron ColliderComputer scienceQuantum mechanicsTelecommunications
Abstract
We report the first observation of single-top-quark production in the s channel through the combination of the CDF and D0 measurements of the cross section in proton-antiproton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The data correspond to total integrated luminosities of up to 9.7 fb(-1) per experiment. The measured cross section is σ(s) = 1.29(-0.24)(+0.26) pb. The probability of observing a statistical fluctuation of the background to a cross section of the observed size or larger is 1.8 × 10(-10), corresponding to a significance of 6.3 standard deviations for the presence of an s-channel contribution to the production of single-top quarks.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Theoretical or conceptual · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.887
Threshold uncertainty score0.481
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.019
GPT teacher head0.258
Teacher spread0.238 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designTheoretical or conceptual
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations76
Published2014
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes