AGE DETERMINATION, VALIDATION, GROWTH AND MINIMUM SIZE OF SEXUAL MATURITY OF THE GREENLAND SMOOTHCOCKLE (SERRIPES GROENLANDICUS, BRUGUIERE, 1789) IN EASTERN CANADA
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Greenland smoothcockle (Serripes groenlandicus) has a circumpolar distribution in the northern hemisphere. Despite such a wide range and potential commercial importance, little is known about most aspects of the biology of this species. As part of studying the growth rate of this cockle species, we compared 3 methods that could be used to estimate the age of S. groenlandicus: (1) reading the external rings on the shell, (2) counting the growth rings on thin sections of the chondrophore, and (3) counting growth rings of whole shell sections. The chondrophore proved to be the best region to count the growth bands compared with the other regions in the cockle shell. Age bias plots and the coefficient of variation indicated that our ageing method represents a nonbiased and precise approach. This age method was validated by using Marginal increments Ratio method (MIR) to confirm that the growth bands are deposited annually. Marginal increments were significantly different between months (Kruskal-Wallis P < 0.001); a distinct trend of increasing monthly increment growth began in August. We estimated age in 425 cockles, which were collected from the Banquereau Bank (n = 240) and Grand Bank (n = 185). This data was used to determine the von Bertalanffy growth parameters for the 2 populations: L∞ = 95.64 mm and 96.29 mm (Length), k = 0.21 and 0.17 and to = 0.97 and 0.33 for the Banquereau Bank and Grand Bank, respectively. There was a significant difference in growth curves between the 2 populations (Likelihood ratio test: X2 = 33.40, P < 0.05). Minimum size and age at sexual maturity were 27.92 mm and 2.83 y for male tissues and 37.22 mm and 3.69 y for female tissues, respectively. This is the first time that age determination, growth, and minimum size of sexual maturity of the Greenland smoothcockle has been investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".