Performance of a 45 Mb/s optical DFSK system using self-heterodyne detection
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An optical differential frequency shift keying (DFSK) system with self-heterodyne detection (SHD) operating at 45 Mb/s is demonstrated. One of the major advantages of the DFSK system is that it does not require an optical local oscillator (laser diode) at the receiver. This reduces the complexity of the receiver design and lowers the system cost. It is shown that the system can tolerate a source linewidth-to-bitrate ratio of 0.5. The bit error rate (BER) is obtained as a function of received average DC optical power for different transmitted sequences, and the effect of long strings of zeros and ones in the data stream on receiver performance is analyzed. The effect of laser phase noise (linewidth) on broadening of the intermediate frequency (IF) spectrum is investigated by determining the BER characteristics for two IF filters with 3-dB bandwidths of 300 MHz and 500 MHz. For a 101010 . . . data sequence, a BER of less than 10/sup -9/ is obtained.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".