Undrained monotonic response of clean and silty sands
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of undrained monotonic triaxial compression tests were performed on Ottawa sand containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of non-plastic silt. The paper focuses on distinctive states of the monotonic undrained response of sands, namely the critical state, the phase transformation state, the quasi-steady state, and the state of undrained instability (onset of flow liquefaction). Specimens were prepared using slurry deposition and moist tamping to investigate the effect of the initial sand fabric on these states. It was observed that an increase in the non-plastic fines content leads to a downward shift of the critical-state line in the void ratio–mean effective stress space and to an increase of the critical-state friction angle. The present data suggest that the initial fabric of the sand appears to have a significant effect on the undrained behaviour in the early stages of shearing, with its influence vanishing at large strains. Moist-tamped specimens demonstrate considerably larger undrained instability state strength than their slurry-deposited counterparts, and a unique critical state locus is reached by both moist-tamped and slurry-deposited specimens. A mathematical formula that allows the estimation of the mean effective stress at the phase transformation state based on the initial mean effective stress and void ratio is also proposed.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it