Sex Differences in Suicides among Children and Youth: The Potential Impact of Help-Seeking Behaviour
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To describe sex differences in health service use among children and youth who died by suicide. METHOD: This is a retrospective study of children and youth (aged 10 to 25 years) living in Ontario who died by suicide between April 1, 2003, and December 31, 2007. Coroner records were individually linked to outpatient physician visit, emergency department (ED) presentation, and inpatient stay administrative health care records for 724 people (192 girls and 532 boys). Only 77 (10.6%) were aged 10 to 15 years. The health services types used, number of contacts made, and the last contact were compared in boys and girls. RESULTS: About 80% of subjects had contact with the health care system in the year before their death, typically to an outpatient physician and (or) the ED. However, not all were seen for mental health reasons. Girls had more outpatient physician and ED contact than boys and closer in time to their death. Further, girls were more likely than boys to have contact in more than one setting. Still, boys and girls did not differ in their use of an outpatient psychiatrist, some ED presentations, and in the nature and number of inpatient stays. CONCLUSIONS: While most people were seen by an outpatient physician and (or) in the ED in the year before their death, not all received mental health care. Further research is needed to determine whether boys and girls who died by suicide differ from their peers in their health service use to guide preventive interventions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".