On the Representations and Subversions of Orientalism in The Hundred Secret Senses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Hundred Secret Senses is one of Amy Tan’s most acclaimed novels. This paper attempts to study the representations and subversion of Orientalism from the perspective of Said’s post-colonial theory. By depicting the protagonist Kwan’s marginality as the Other, exotic images of Chinese, Amy Tan actually reinforces the negative stereotype of the Chinese in the version of Orientalism. But her efforts to subvert and transcend Orientalism cannot be neglected. Amy Tan develops her writing strategies to challenge the mechanism of the American mainstream and subvert the stereotypes of Chinese. Kwan’s exotic and rebellious voices also act as a powerful weapon to break the silent stereotype and to fight against western language hegemony. And the Oriental representative Kwan functions as an active guider for her spiritually-lost sister Olivia. The limitation of Chinese American writers’ double identities inevitably covers their works with veils of Orientalism, but Amy Tan’s novels are imbued with superb artistic techniques to subvert and transcend it. The co-existence and co-benefit of different cultures and beliefs could be the consideration for Amy Tan’s wish in presenting this novel.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.006 | 0.032 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".