Multiple magnetizations in Ordovician–Devonian carbonates in the Williston Basin (Manitoba, Canada)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Palaeomagnetic and rock magnetic data collected from the Upper Ordovician Red River, Silurian Interlake and Devonian Winnipegosis, Souris River and Birdbear carbonates in one well from southwestern Manitoba (Canada) reveal a complex magnetization history for the north-eastern Williston Basin. Rock magnetic analysis (thermal demagnetization, anhysteretic remanent magnetization (ARM)/saturation isothermal remanent magnetization (SIRM), S-ratios, partial ARM (pARM), SIRM crossover curves and points and coercivity) show three magnetic carriers for different magnetizations seen in this well. An Early–Mid-Jurassic remagnetization observed in the lower Red River and Souris River formations is carried by single-domain to pseudo-single-domain (SD–PSD) magnetite and was probably produced by basement fluids circulating along fractures and faults created by the Hartney impact/volcanic structure and/or tectonic movements along the Superior Boundary Zone. In the Winnipegosis Formation a possible primary depositional or early depositional magnetization (Devonian age) is carried by PSD pyrrhotite. In the Birdbear Formation two different magnetizations of uncertain age are present: one carried in hematite in the upper strata, possibly originating from the younger Amaranth Formation, and magnetite dominates in the lower strata. The upper Red River and Interlake formations contain both magnetite and pyrrhotite; however, the weaker palaeomagnetic data reveal little in terms of a magnetization age.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".