Adaptations in Capillarization and Citrate Synthase Activity in Response to Endurance Training in Older and Young Men
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The time-course of adaptation in cardiorespiratory fitness, measures of capillarization, and citrate synthase (CS) activity were examined in seven older (O; 69 ± 7 years) and seven young (Y; 22 ± 1 years) men pre-, mid-, and posttraining during a 12-week endurance training program. Training was performed on a cycle ergometer three times per week for 45 minutes at ~70% of maximal VO(2) (VO(2max)). VO(2max) and maximal cardiac output increased similarly from pre- to posttraining in O and Y (p < .05), and maximal a-vO(2diff) was greater (p < .05) posttraining in O and Y. CS was elevated at mid- and posttraining compared with pretraining in both O and Y (p < .05). Indices of capillarization increased 30%-40% in O and 20%-30% in Y and were elevated at posttraining compared with pre- and midtraining in both groups (p < .05). This study showed that both O and Y undertaking similar endurance training displayed capillary angiogenesis and improved mitochondrial respiratory capacity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".