Green Tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate Protects Against Oxidative Stress-Induced Nuclear Translocation of p53 and Apoptosis in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells, ARPE-19
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most abundant polyphenolic flavonoids in green tea has been shown to possess strong antioxidant activities. Oxidative stress causes the defect of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells that contribute to several retinal diseases. Several studies have shown that increasing the body’s defenses against oxidative stress with specific antioxidants and mineral supplements could preserve the vision. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the protective role of EGCG against exogenous reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell death in ARPE-19 cells, human retinal pigment epithelial cell line. ARPE-19 cells were pretreated with EGCG in the presence/absence of H2O2. The protective effects of EGCG and the underlined mechanisms against H2O2 were evaluated. The present study demonstrated that 400 µM H2O2 significantly decreased cell viability, increased the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells and chromatin condensed nuclei. In addition, H2O2 induced p53 nuclear translocation, up-regulated Bax and down-regulated Bcl-2 expression thereby increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. These toxic effects of H2O2 were reversed by 100 µM EGCG pretreatment. These studies suggest that EGCG protects H2O2-induced cell death in ARPE-19 cells by its antioxidant property and attenuation of p53 nuclear translocation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".