Variation in intra‐annual radial growth (xylem formation) of <i>Picea mariana</i> (Pinaceae) along a latitudinal gradient in western Quebec, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Climate warming might have resulted in altered initiation and termination dates of stem xylem growth in boreal stands. A systematic understanding of intra-annual xylem formation is thus needed for precise simulation of future growth in the context of sustainable forest management. METHODS: A recently developed novel microsampling approach was employed over two growing seasons (2005-2006) to investigate the intra-annual stem xylem formation of Picea mariana at three sites along a latitudinal gradient (approximately 47.5-50°N) in western Quebec, Canada. The critical timings of xylem cell formation were determined and compared among sites/years. The relationships between xylem cell formation and meteorological variables were examined. KEY RESULTS: From south to north, the onset of xylem cell production was detected on 20 May (SD ±3) at Angliers, 24 May (SD ±3) at Chicobi and 24 May (SD±4) at Muskuchii in 2005, and on 12 May (SD ±4) at Angliers, 14 May (SD ±3) at Chicobi and 20 May (SD ±3) at Muskuchii in 2006, respectively. Xylem cell production at each respective site terminated on 11 August (SD ±4), 7 August (SD ±3), and 7 August (SD ±4) in 2005, and on 8 August (SD ±4), 4 August (SD ±4), and 4 August (SD ±4) in 2006, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study implies that despite the expected occurrence of earlier phenological development due to early spring climate warming, boreal trees like P. mariana might not be producing wider rings if cold temperatures occur later in the growing season in June to August. These results may challenge the view that boreal trees could be benefiting from spring warming to enhance growth.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".