Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Miao language is extremely similar with the Wu dialect in Chinese language, for example: the existence of voiced aspiration among the voiced initial consonants, the advancement of the simple vowels, and the continuous modification of tones, etc. The author of this paper commences from the historical connections between the Miao nationality and the Wu dialect region to explain this kind of likeness. The author points out that in the Spring and Autumn Period there were still three tribes of Miao living there in addition to the Baiyue nationality. And the scopes of the living region of the Miao nationality include the south region of Jiangsu province today as well as part of Zhejiang province. Actually it is the area where the Wu dialect is still popular today. With the abolishment of Yue by Chu, the three tribes of Miao in the above-mentioned regions integrated with the Yue nationality and their language has become the bottom language of the Wu dialect. The reason why Wu dialect is quite different from the Yue dialect which is influenced by Zhuang and Dong languages lies in he fact that the Miao language is a very important component in addition to Baiyue language in the bottom language of Wu dialect. The Miao language influences the sound system most and that is why the sound system of Wu is very similar with that of the Miao language. Key words: Wu language, The Miao language ( or Miao and Yao language), Wuyue, Gumie, Three Miao tribes, the bottom language Resume: La langue de Miao ressemble beaucoup au dialecte de Wu qui est une branche du mandarin . Par exemple , les deux ont tous un systeme tres developpe de monovoyelle dans les consonnes , et les deux possedent egalement les regles compliquees de l’intonation consecutive , etc . Pour expliquer cette similitude , l’auteur commence par l’histoire pour chercher a decouvrir la liaison historique entre la nationalite de Miao et la region ou le dialect de Wu est pratique aujourd’hui . L’auteur affirme que , dans cette region appelee WuYue a l’epoque du Printemps et de l’automne , l’on constate non seulement les activites de la nationalite BaiYue , mais aussi celle du peuplade Sanmiao . Et le champs d’activites des Sanmiao comprend le nord de la province du Jiangsu , la province du Zhejiang d’aujourd’hui , soit la region ou le dialecte de Wu est pratique maintenant . Avec l’extinction du pays Chu , la tribu de Sanmiao dans cette region integre avec la nationalite de Yue , et ainsi fome –t-il le langage populaire du dialecte Wu d’aujourd’hui . Si le dialecte de Wu est different du dialecte du Guangdong qui est beaucoup influence par la langue de ZhuangDong , C’est parceque, en plus de la langue de Baiyue , la langue de Miao et Yao constitue egalement une partie importante pour le langage populaire du dialecte de Wu . Donc , le systeme phonetique du dialecte de Wu ressemble beaucoup a celui de la langue MiaoYao Mots-cles: la langue du Wu , la langue de Miao (la langue de Miao et Yao ) ,WuYue , Gumie , Sanmiao , le language populaire. 摘要：苗語和漢語吳方言有一些極為相似的特徵。比如：濁聲母都有濁送氣成分，韻母中單母音系統發達，都有著複雜的連讀變調規律，等等。為瞭解釋這種相似性，作者從歷史入手，探討苗族和今日吳語地區的歷史聯繫。作者指出，在春秋時期的吳越之地，除了有百越民族的活動之外，還有三苗部落的活動。而三苗活動的範圍，既包括今日的蘇南地區，也包括浙江一帶，這也就是今日吳語流行的區域。隨著楚國滅越，這些地區的三苗部落也融入了越民族之中，因而構成了今日吳語的底層語言。吳語面貌之所以迥異於受壯侗語影響的粵方言，原因就在於吳語的底層語言除了百越語外，苗瑤語也是其中重要的成分。而苗瑤語的影響最主要地反映在音系上，所以，今日吳語的音系仍和苗瑤語十分相似。 關鍵詞：吳語；苗語（苗瑤語）；吳越；姑蔑；三苗；底層語言
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".