A novel fatty acid response element controls the expression of the flight muscle <i>FABP</i> gene of the desert locust, <i>Schistocerca gregaria</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In many tissues, fatty acid binding protein (FABP) expression is stimulated by exposure to elevated fatty acid levels. In contrast to the FABP genes expressed in other tissues, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the upregulation of the muscle FABP gene have not been elucidated. We have studied the expression of locust flight muscle FABP, a protein that is highly homologous to the mammalian H-FABPs. A 130-bp promoter fragment of the locust gene, which includes a canonical TATA box and several GC boxes, is sufficient for the transcription of a reporter gene in mammalian L6 myoblasts. Twofold higher expression rates are observed when the promoter contains 280 bp or more of upstream sequence. Treatment of myoblasts with various fatty acids leads to a marked increase of expression in the longer constructs, but not in the minimal promoter. We have identified a 19-bp inverted repeat (-162/-180) as the element responsible for the fatty acid-mediated induction of gene expression. Deletion of this element eliminates the fatty acid response, and gel shift analysis demonstrates specific binding to nuclear proteins from both L6 myoblasts and locust flight muscle cells. This fatty acid response element bears no similarity to any known transcription factor binding site. A similar palindrome was also found in the promoter of the Drosophila melanogaster muscle FABP gene, and in reverse orientation upstream of all mammalian heart FABP genes. Given the structural and functional conservation of muscle FABPs and their genes, it is possible that this fatty acid response element also modulates the expression of the mammalian H-FABP genes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".