Transfer of Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump-Dependent Patients by Paramedics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This prospective case series describes the experience of a specially trained critical care paramedic transfer program that transports intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)-dependent patients to definitive cardiac surgical care without additional medical escorts. Paramedics complete a standard ambulance patient care report and a quality management report for each IABP-dependent patient transported. All patient care reports were routinely screened for calls involving IABP-dependent patients to ensure all calls were captured. Demographic, patient care, adverse event, and transfer-related data were collected prospectively. The program manager and medical director independently examined all reports for quality of care and occurrence of adverse events. Missing data were obtained from paramedic crews and referring facilities. The IABP program transported 29 patients during its first 24 months. The mean patient age was 63.4 +/- 10.4 years, and the majority were male (25 of 29; 86.2%). The most common indications for IABP insertion were bridge to definitive surgical care (17; 58.6%) and cardiogenic shock (13; 44.8%). The mean out-of-hospital time was 39.9 +/- 26.1 minutes. There were 22 complications in 11 patients. Paramedics successfully managed all complications. There was no persistent life-threatening patient-related complication or IABP-related malfunction, and no patient died during transport. This case series demonstrates that specially trained critical care paramedics can safely IABP-dependent patients to definitive cardiac surgical care without additional medical escorts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".