Evaluation of the effect of cervical spine compression and sagittal moments on the spinal cord using finite element method
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The spinal cord may be injured through various spinal column injury patterns, e.g., burst fracture, fracture dislocation. However, the relationship between column injury pattern and cord damage is not well understood. This investigation was conducted a model of C3–C5 with spinal cord to study spinal cord behavior under various loading conditions. Here, two models were developed and analysed for comparison; one with spinal cord and one without spinal cord. Flexion\extension and right\left lateral bending loading conditions were simulated and validated with the published experimental data for model without spinal cord. Then, spinal cord was incorporated into the model and identical simulations were carried out to determine the stress and strain distribution on segment of the C3–C5 model. This study used the soil mechanics formulation of MSC. Marc finite element software to model the mechanical behavior of vertebrae and intervertebral discs as biphasic and employed an elastic material model for the ligaments and spinal cord components.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".