Addressing the costs of quitting' smoking: a health promotion issue for adolescent girls in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
While intense efforts have been implemented to address the problem of cigarette smoking, the prevalence of tobacco use among adolescents, in particular young women, remains high. Older adolescent girls are joining their younger counterparts in taking up the smoking habit. The literature has examined the reasons for young people starting to smoke; however, little is known about the smoking cessation process in adolescents. This paper reports findings from an in-depth qualitative study of 25 girls ages 18 and 19 which uncovered the struggles young women experience as they attempt to quit smoking. These struggles and losses are referred to as the ‘costs’ of quitting smoking. The ‘costs’ reflect not only their ‘real’ experiences when attempting to quit smoking, but also reflect ‘anticipated’ struggles and losses. The study addressed the ‘costs’ in relation to the social, emotional and physiological domains of the adolescent girl's life. Findings from this research project provide theoretical direction for the development of comprehensive health promotion interventions. If health care professionals are to assist in reducing cigarette smoking among young women, the ‘costs’ which girls see to quitting smoking must be considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".