ANALYSIS OF A NUCLEAR-DNA MARKER FOR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION OF ADULTS ANDLARVAE IN THE MYTILUS EDULIS COMPLEX
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The advent of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based DNA markers, which claim to identify species diagnostically in the Mytilus edulis complex (M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus) presents a possible method for simple, rapid species identification of Mytilus larvae. This study examines the inheritance of the Me 15/16 nuclear-DNA locus, which has previously been shown to produce three alleles diagnostic for M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus. The Me 15/16 genotype was determined for pure species and hybrid larvae from 13 laboratory crosses between these three species and for adult mussels from five natural populations from which the parents of the crosses were selected. Genotype frequencies in the parent populations were generally as expected for M. edulis and M. galloprovincialis, but M. trossulus populations from eastern Canada and the Baltic Sea gave unexpected results. The marker was readily detected in individual larvae sampled 72 h and 2 weeks after fertilization, but amplification from 3 h old larvae was less reliable. Each cross produced larvae of all the expected genotypes and the results demonstrate that each of the three alleles can be inherited from either sex. The marker appears to be inherited in a Mendelian manner and should be of potential use in the future study of larvae in the M. edulis complex.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".