Cyclometalated Ruthenium(II) Complexes Featuring Tridentate Click‐Derived Ligands for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell Applications
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A series of heteroleptic bis(tridentate) Ru(II) complexes featuring N^C^N-cyclometalating ligands is presented. The 1,2,3-triazole-containing tridentate ligands are readily functionalized with hydrophobic side chains by means of click chemistry and the corresponding cyclometalated Ru(II) complexes are easily synthesized. The performance of these thiocyanate-free complexes in a dye-sensitized solar cell was tested and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 4.0 % (Jsc =8.1 mA cm(-2) , Voc =0.66 V, FF=0.70) was achieved, while the black dye ((NBu4 )3 [Ru(Htctpy)(NCS)3 ]; Htctpy=2,2':6',2''-terpyridine-4'-carboxylic acid-4,4''-dicarboxylate) showed 5.2 % (Jsc =10.7 mA cm(-2) , Voc =0.69 V, FF=0.69) under comparable conditions. When co-adsorbed with chenodeoxycholic acid, the PCE of the best cyclometalated dye could be improved to 4.5 % (Jsc =9.4 mA cm(-2) , Voc =0.65 V, FF=0.70). The PCEs correlate well with the light-harvesting capabilities of the dyes, while a comparable incident photon-to-current efficiency was achieved with the cyclometalated dye and the black dye. Regeneration appeared to be efficient in the parent dye, despite the high energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital. The device performance was investigated in more detail by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Ultimately, a promising Ru(II) sensitizer platform is presented that features a highly functionalizable "click"-derived cyclometalating ligand.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it