Facet coatings for nonhermetically packaged lasers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Nonhermetic packaging is one avenue of reducing the module cost of optical devices; however, this requires the coatings applied to the facets of lasers and modulators to be highly stable and impervious to the effects of high humidity under high temperature/high power operating conditions. We have developed two types of facet coatings for nonhermetic applications. One involves electron cyclotron resonance plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (ECR-PECVD) of a SiNx cap layer and the other utilizes ion beam deposition (IBD) of a Ta2O5 cap layer, both on top of a two-layer SiO2/a-Si high-reflectance (HR) coating deposited on the facets of Fabry–Perot (F–P) ridge waveguide (RWG) lasers operating at 1310 nm. The lasers were aged under 85 °C/85% relative humidity (RH) conditions and ex situ tested using drive currents of 10–20 mA (subthreshold) and 80–120 mA operating currents (Iop). The output power–current–voltage (L–I–V) tests were conducted at room temperature and at various time intervals up to 5000 h. For comparison, tests were also done on devices aged in a dry oven.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".