English for Teaching and Learning of Science and Mathematics in Malaysian Schools: A Comparative Study on Perception between Different Ethnics
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper reports a study on the perception of the people toward the teaching and learning of Science and Mathematics using English. Altogether, 641 respondents obtained randomly from all over Malaysia participated in the study. The respondents, male and female from the age of 20 to 55 were given a set of questionnaire, containing statements on various issues of Science and Mathematics. Each statement is accompanied with five choices of responses in the form of Likert type scale ranging from 1. Strongly disagree, 2. Disagree, 3. Not sure, 4. Agree, and 5. Strongly agree. One of the statement of the questionnaire analysed was “It is easier to learn science and mathematics in English”. The raw data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and also ANOVA. The result of the study shows that 45.7% of the respondents rejected the statement, 24.4% accepted the statement and 29.3% were not sure. There is significant difference of means between the respondents with academic background in science compared to respondents with non-science academic background.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".