Cutaneous Myiasis from Panama, South America: Case Report and Review
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Myiasis is a cutaneous infestation with larvae of Diptera, the two-winged arthropod order. Eggs and/or larvae are transmitted directly from the environment or via arthropod vectors. Larvae are able to burrow into the dermis of intact skin or external body orifices. Three clinical variants of myiasis are furuncular, migratory (creeping), and infestation of wounds. METHODS: A 35-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of worsening furuncles on the left knee and posterior thigh following his return from Panama, South America. Clinical examination revealed tender 6 cm and 2 cm erythematous to violaceous furuncles with surrounding desquamation and central puncta draining serosanguinous fluid. Five-millimeter punch biopsies and tissue swabs were performed. RESULTS: All larvae were of the Dermatobia hominis species. The patient was empirically treated with cephalexin and ciprofloxacin for secondary bacterial cellulitis. Tissue swabs later cultured group B streptococcus. A tetanus booster was recommended. CONCLUSION: This case report describes a relatively rare cutaneous infestation with D. hominis, a Central and South American endemic larva of the human botfly. Increasing trends toward immigration and global travel to tropical and subtropic areas will likely increase the frequency of encounters with such parasitic cutaneous infestations in North American outpatient dermatology clinics.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".