Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study investigates the behaviour of intranational prices for 45 specific consumer goods across 25 Canadian cities. It finds positive roles for distance and provincial borders in intercity price disparities. While sizable, the provincial border effect is an order of magnitude smaller than the estimates for the Canada‐U.S. border. A majority of the intercity relative price series are stationary around small mean values, indicating that long‐run price differences are close to zero. The intercity prices converge at rates considerably faster than the consensus estimates for international prices. In fact, half‐lives for intercity price deviations average well under a year. JEL Classification: F15, F31 La loi d’un seul prix : résultats intra‐nationaux pour le Canada Ce mémoire examine le comportement des prix intra‐nationaux de 45 biens de consommation spécifiques dans 25 villes canadiennes. Il semble que la distance et les frontières inter‐provinciales ont un impact sur les différentiels de prix entre villes.Même si l’impact des frontières inter‐provinciales est important, il est beaucoupplus petit que l’impact de la frontière Canada‐ U.S. Une majorité des séries de prix relatifs entre villes sont stationnaires autour de petites valeurs moyennes, ce qui suggère que les différences de prix à long terme s’approchent de zéro. Il est clair que les prix entre villes convergent à des taux considérablement plus rapides que ce qu’on observe au niveau international. En fait les déviations de prix entre villes ont une espérance de vie qui en moyenne est de moins d’un an.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".