The Hope Experience of Older Bereaved Women Who Cared for a Spouse With Terminal Cancer
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study we explore the experience and processes of hope of older women who were bereaved after caring for a spouse with terminal cancer, and we develop a tentative, emerging theory of their hope experience. We used constructivist grounded theory methods. We conducted 30 open-ended, in-depth, audiotaped interviews with 13 western Canadian women, aged 60 to 79 years, within the 1st year of bereavement, and collected 12 hope diaries. Data were analyzed using constant comparative analysis. Participants defined hope as a gradual process of regaining inner strength and building self-confidence to make sense of their completely changed situations. They were learning to stay positive and move ahead with their lives. The participants' main concern was losing hope, which they dealt with by searching for new hope through finding balance, new perspectives, and new meaning and purpose. The emerging theory is conceptualized as a spiral within the complex social context of bereavement after caregiving.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.006 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".