Long‐Term<i>VRI</i>Photometry of Small‐Amplitude Red Variables. I. Light Curves and Periods
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We report up to 5000 days of VRI photometry, from a robotic photometric telescope, of 34 pulsating red giants, namely, TV Psc, EG And, Z Psc, RZ And, 4 Ori, RX Lep, UW Lyn, η Gem, μ Gem, ψ 1 Aur, V523 Mon, V614 Mon, HD 52690, Y Lyn, BC CMi, X Cnc, UX Lyn, RS Cnc, VY UMa, ST UMa, TU CVn, FS Com, SW Vir, 30 Her, α 1 Her, V642 Her, R Lyr, V450 Aql, V1293 Aql, δ Sge, EU Del, V1070 Cyg, W Cyg, and μ Cep, as well as a few variable comparison stars. V , R , and I variations are generally in phase. The length and density of the data enable us to look for variations on timescales ranging from days to years. We use both power‐spectrum (Fourier) analysis and autocorrelation analysis, as well as light‐curve analysis; these three approaches are complementary. The variations range from regular to irregular, but in most of the stars, we find a period in the range of 20–200 days, which is probably due to low‐order radial pulsation. In many of the stars, we also find a period which is an order of magnitude longer. It may be due to rotation, or it may be due to a new kind of convectively induced oscillatory thermal mode, recently proposed by P. Wood.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".