Aerobic exercise reduces depressive symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Question: Does exercise training reduce depressive symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure compared with guideline-based usual care? Patients: 2322 Stable patients with chronic heart failure participating in the Heart Failure—A Controlled Trail Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) trial who completed the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) at baseline. Possible BDI-II scores range from 0 to 63; scores of ≥14 were considered clinically significant depressive symptoms. Among participants, BDI-II scores ranged from 0 to 59 (median 8), and 28% had clinically significant depressive symptoms. Setting: 82 Medical centres in the USA, Canada and France; April 2003 to February 2007. Intervention: Aerobic exercise versus usual care alone. Participants randomised to aerobic exercise were provided with a treadmill or exercise bicycle and received three supervised exercise sessions per week for 3 months (90 min/week), transitioning to home-based unsupervised exercise (goal 120 min/week) for the next 9 months. Usual care participants were not given a formal exercise prescription. All participants received self-management educational materials and regular follow-up phone calls. Outcomes: Change in depressive symptoms after 3 months exercise (primary outcome, end of the …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".