DNA polymorphism and molecular diagnosis in <i>Inonotus</i> spp.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers were developed for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rDNA gene of Inonotus tomentosus, the causal agent of tomentosus root rot of conifers. The primers were designed to specifically amplify DNA from I. tomentosus and allow its differentiation from Inonotus leporinus and from Phellinus pini s.l., which are morphologically very similar to I. tomentosus in culture. The PCR amplification was carried out successfully from DNA extracted from fruiting bodies and cultures and can potentially be used to detect the pathogen from environmental samples for survey and management purposes. The PCR assay was validated with 42 samples from seven coniferous hosts originating from eight provinces or states across the North American continent. No cross reaction was observed with DNA of several other species of the same genus, with Phellinus pini or with white spruce (Picea glauca), a conifer host of I. tomentosus. Phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region for six species of Inonotus suggests that these resulted from the adaptation of a generalist ancestor to different ecological niches. It also appears that divergent evolution of an ancestor occupying different ecological niches has driven the speciation process, which subsequently conferred specificity to either coniferous or deciduous trees.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".