Skin cancer prevention and care in the sun: An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and reported behaviour of Nottingham citizens
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction Skin cancer is the commonest cancer in England and Wales. Although not a major killer, there were 1808 new cases in Nottingham in 1999 1 . The trends in directly standardised registration rates for the years 1984 to 1993 in Nottingham also indicate that the incidence is rising. Objective The Nottingham skin cancer action group (SCAG) undertook a survey to determine the knowledge, attitude and reported behaviour of a sample of Nottingham's population. SCAG, is a multi-disciplinary working group which brings together professionals from the statutory and private sectors, to prevent skin cancer and promote sun safety, through organised community effort. Design Cross-sectional survey. Setting Shopping mall, north of Nottingham City centre. Method A self-completed, two-page Health Education Authority (HEA) questionnaire was administered to Nottingham citizens visiting SCAG's health promotion displays set-up at the local shopping centre. Completion was voluntary. Results Findings from the 381 respondents constitute a baseline for Nottingham. A gap between knowledge and reported behaviour was identified with respect to wearing of protective clothing whilst in the sun. Many were still exposing themselves to higher risk from the sun than is necessary. Over 30 per cent of child respondents had experienced sunburn in the previous 12 months. Inappropriate and ineffective use of sunscreen was common. Knowledge about increased susceptibility of fairer skin types was deficient. Conclusion Health promotion efforts need to be intensified to stem the rising trends in incidence and mortality from skin cancer. The use of innovative approaches that can engage the interest of the public more effectively should be considered. This work presents a challenge in relation to the translation of knowledge into practice.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".