Complexity in relationships between antioxidants and individual life‐history parameters in a seabird and a songbird
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Selection on physiological traits is thought to mediate the evolution of individual life‐history parameters like reproduction, longevity, and the tradeoffs between them, but almost nothing is known about the relationships between physiological and life‐history parameters in the wild. Antioxidants are strong candidates to correlate with life histories because they play a critical role in preventing free radical damage to macromolecules, and many types are involved in sexual signaling and embryo provisioning. Here for the first time we present data on associations between serum antioxidant measures (antioxidant capacity and concentrations of uric acid, vitamin E and carotenoids) and indices of reproductive rate and age in two bird species. After controlling for age, 36% of the variation in hatching rate in Leach's storm‐petrels Oceanodroma leucorhoa was accounted for by a negative association with antioxidant capacity. Age was negatively associated with uric acid levels. Savannah sparrows Passerculus sandwichensis showed no association between antioxidant capacity and fledging rate, but serum β‐carotene levels were weakly positively associated with fledging rate. Because antioxidant levels are known to vary markedly within individuals over time, detection of associations between long‐term measures of reproduction and instantaneous antioxidant levels suggests strong (though not necessarily causal) relationships. Relationships between antioxidants and life histories appeared to differ in sparrows and storm‐petrels though, likely due to variation in diet, ecology, and life‐history evolution in these distantly related species.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".