Punctuated Magmatism Associated with Porphyry Cu-Mo Formation in the Paleocene to Eocene of Southern Peru
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Paleocene to Eocene southern Peru porphyry belt contains three significant porphyry Cu-Mo deposits at Cuajone, Quellaveco, and Toquepala. Ten new zircon U-Pb Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microprobe-Reverse Geometry (SHRIMP-RG) ages for Cuajone and Toquepala, together with published ages for Quellaveco, establish a magmatic history characterized by episodic events. Punctuated magmatism at Cuajone is distributed over approximately 13 m.y., at Toquepala over 8 m.y., and at Quellaveco over 6 m.y. The ages of the porphyry intrusions hosting or associated with the introduction of Cu and Mo at the three deposits show remarkable similarity, with emplacement beginning and ending at approximately 56.5 to 53.0 Ma at Cuajone, 57.0 to 54.0 Ma at Toquepala, and at 58.4 to 54.3 Ma at Quellaveco. Field relations coupled with the U-Pb ages for synmineral intrusions suggest very similar timing of the cupriferous hydrothermal systems, with the youngest pyritiferous and Cu-poor hydrothermal systems being associated with porphyry intrusions as much as 2 m.y. younger than significant Cu introduction. Overall, the porphyry Cu-Mo intrusive complexes represent the youngest magmatic complexes formed during the Late Cretaceous and early Tertiary arc, having formed prior to eastward migration of the magmatic locus.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".