Gestational Exposure to Persistent Organic Pollutants: Maternal Liver Residues, Pregnancy Outcome, and Effects on Hepatic Gene Expression Profiles in the Dam and Fetus
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dietary exposure of Inuit people to a mixture of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls, or persistent organic pollutants (POPs), during pregnancy is a public health concern. We examined the consequences of administering the mixture of 28 POPs found in the Inuit diet (at doses representing 10-1000 times dietary levels) by gavage to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats either during gestation days 0-19 or 8-19. The levels of individual components of the POPs mixture in the maternal liver were measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry. On gestation day 20, dams were sacrificed and pregnancy outcome determined. RNA isolated from maternal and fetal livers was 32P-labeled for gene expression profiling. The concentrations of individual POPs were increased in maternal livers of dams gavaged with the 1000x POPs mixture by 10- to 500-fold. While exposure to POPs had no significant effects on pregnancy outcome, dramatic changes were observed in the gene expression profiles of both the maternal and fetal livers. The gene expression profiles of maternal and fetal female and male liver were distinct with respect to the numbers of transcripts detected, the genes expressed exclusively in control or POPs-exposed livers, and those for which expression was up- or downregulated. While different genes were affected in each group, the overall consequence of POPs exposure on hepatic gene expression profiles was to decrease both the numbers of genes expressed and the relative intensity of expression. Thus, in utero exposure to POPs alters hepatic gene expression in the dam and the fetus; these changes may have functional implications.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".