Plasmaspheric dynamics resulting from the Hallowe'en 2003 geomagnetic storms
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cross‐phase‐derived plasma mass density trends during the Hallowe'en 2003 geomagnetic storms are presented for 38° ≲ magnetic latitude ≲ 63° (1.61 ≤ L ≤ 5.10), using data from the SAMNET (Subauroral Magnetometer Network), BGS (British Geological Survey), and SEGMA (South European Geomagnetic Array), ground‐based magnetometer arrays in Europe. At all latitudes monitored, a rapid increase of total mass density is observed immediately following the initial storm sudden commencement at 0611 UT on 29 October, believed to be due to rapid ionospheric O+ outflow. Plasmaspheric density depletion to at least 50° magnetic latitude (L ∼ 2.4) took place over the next 3 days. Poststorm refilling began on 2 November. Following the sudden commencement of another storm on 4 November, a density enhancement was monitored at 2.79 ≤ L ≤ 3.84, with subsequent plasmaspheric depletion occurring by 6 November. Plasma mass density values are compared to empirical plasmapause location model predictions, with reasonable agreement for most days, but density depletion and refilling were monitored 1 day after they are predicted. During poststorm plasmaspheric refilling, some extremely low early morning resonance frequencies are monitored and appear be due to quarter mode standing waves. This study also highlights that care must be taken in the choice of assumed geomagnetic field geometry when deriving plasma mass densities from observed field line resonances during severe geomagnetic storms.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".