Field emission properties of lanthanum sulfide thin films deposited on Si and InP substrates by pulsed laser deposition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Thin films of lanthanum monosulfide (LaS) have been successfully deposited on Si and InP substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The values of deposition parameters (chamber pressure, substrate temperature, substrate-to-target separation, laser energy, repetition rate and spot size on the target) leading to a successful growth of cubic rocksalt structure films are identified. For the films grown on Si substrates, the root-mean-square (RMS) variation of surface roughness is found to be 1.74 nm by atomic force microscopy. XRD scans suggest the presence of amorphous regions in the film. This is confirmed by cross-section transmission electron microscopy analysis. For films grown on InP substrates, a thin crystalline film about 500 nm thick followed by an abrupt transition to an amorphous layer about 120 nm thick is observed. The work function of the LaS thin films deposited on Si substrates deduced from Fowler-Nordheim plots at room temperature has a mean value of 0.65 eV, when measured using the scanning field emission microscope technique (SAFEM) at very different locations across the sample. A strong dependence of the field emission current with temperature is also observed. At very large external electric field, the field emission increases dramatically and is no longer of the Fowler-Nordheim type.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".